Tooth decay is one of the most common dental issues. Fortunately, dental fillings can treat cavities and restore the original function of the teeth. So, how is a dental filling performed, and what types of fillings are available?
How Is the Dental Filling Procedure Carried Out?
The dental filling procedure is a common treatment method used to repair decayed or damaged teeth. This procedure is performed under local anesthesia and consists of several steps:
Anesthesia
The dentist administers local anesthesia to numb the tooth being treated and the surrounding tissues. This ensures that the procedure is pain-free.
Cleaning the Decayed Tissue
The dentist carefully removes the decayed or damaged tooth tissue using specialized instruments. This step is crucial for preserving healthy tooth structure and ensuring better adhesion of the filling.
Preparing the Tooth
The cleaned tooth surface is treated with a special solution to enhance the adhesion of the filling material. In some cases, reshaping the tooth or placing supporting structures may be necessary.
Placing the Filling Material
The dentist layers the chosen filling material into the cavity. Each layer is hardened using a special light to increase the durability of the filling.
Shaping and Polishing the Filling
After the filling material has hardened, the dentist shapes it to fit the natural form and size of the tooth. Finally, the surface of the filling is polished to achieve a natural appearance and ensure a smooth finish.
Bite Check
Once the filling procedure is completed, the dentist checks your bite and makes adjustments if necessary. This ensures that the filling aligns properly with your other teeth and does not affect your chewing function.
The dental filling procedure is typically completed in a single session and is painless. You may experience slight sensitivity afterward, but this usually subsides quickly. By following your dentist’s instructions, you can prolong the lifespan of the filling and maintain your oral health.
Types of Fillings
Dental fillings are used to repair decayed or damaged teeth, and various filling materials are available to suit different needs and preferences. Here are the most commonly used types of fillings:
Amalgam Filling
A silver-colored filling that is durable and long-lasting. It is typically used in posterior teeth and is less expensive compared to other types of fillings. However, it may be less aesthetically pleasing.
Composite Resin Filling
A tooth-colored filling that is preferred for anterior teeth due to its aesthetic appearance. It closely resembles natural tooth structure. However, it may be less durable than amalgam fillings.
Porcelain Filling (Inlay/Onlay)
A filling made in a laboratory that is bonded to the tooth. It is durable and aesthetically pleasing, providing a close match to the natural tooth color. It tends to be more expensive than other filling types.
Glass Ionomer Filling
Releases fluoride to help protect against cavities. It is often used in children’s teeth and areas with gum recession. However, it may have aesthetic drawbacks.
Gold Filling
A durable and long-lasting filling made from biocompatible material that does not cause allergic reactions. It is more expensive and may be less aesthetically pleasing.
Your dentist will determine which type of filling is most suitable for you based on the location and size of the cavity, your aesthetic expectations, and cost considerations.
Which Filling Type Should Be Preferred?
The choice of filling type is determined by your dentist based on various factors, including:
Location and Size of the Cavity
Composite resin fillings are sufficient for small cavities. For larger cavities or significant restoration of the tooth, porcelain fillings (inlay/onlay) or amalgam fillings may be more appropriate. Glass ionomer fillings are preferred for cavities below the gum line.
Aesthetic Expectations
For cavities in anterior teeth or visible areas, composite resin or porcelain fillings that match the natural tooth color are preferred. Amalgam fillings may be used for cavities in posterior teeth or hidden areas.
Cost
Amalgam fillings are the most cost-effective option. Composite resin fillings have a moderate cost, while porcelain and gold fillings are the most expensive options.
Function of the Tooth
Amalgam or gold fillings are suitable for posterior teeth that must withstand chewing forces. For anterior teeth, where aesthetics are a priority, composite resin or porcelain fillings are more appropriate.
Patient Preferences
Some patients prefer fillings that do not contain metal, while others may favor durable and long-lasting options.
Your dentist will consider all these factors to identify the most suitable filling type for you. They will also provide information on the advantages and disadvantages of different filling materials to help you make an informed choice.
Post-Filling Care
After getting a dental filling, there are important points to keep in mind to prolong the lifespan of the filling and maintain oral health:
First 24 Hours:
- Numbness: Be cautious until the anesthesia wears off. Avoid accidentally biting your cheek or tongue.
- Eating and Drinking: Wait a few hours for the filling to fully harden. During this time, avoid very hot or cold foods and beverages.
- Hard Foods: Avoid biting or chewing hard foods for the first 24 hours. Opt for soft foods.
- Alcohol and Smoking: Refrain from consuming alcohol and smoking in the first 24 hours, as these can negatively affect the healing process.
Long-Term Care:
- Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing is an effective measure to extend the life of the filling and prevent new cavities from forming.
- Avoid Hard Objects: Do not bite or use your teeth to open things like pens or nails.
- Teeth Grinding: If you have a habit of grinding your teeth, discuss the use of a night guard with your dentist.
- Regular Check-Ups: Regular dental visits are essential to evaluate the condition of the filling and identify any potential issues early.
By following these recommendations, you can prolong the lifespan of your filling and maintain your oral health.
